What is ICSI full form in biology ?

ICSI stands for Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection.

For embryologists, it represents a precise micromanipulation technique in assisted reproductive technology where a single sperm is directly injected into the oocyte's cytoplasm. This procedure bypasses the natural barriers of the zona pellucida and perivitelline space, thereby facilitating fertilization, particularly in cases of severe male factor infertility. The technique requires sophisticated equipment, such as micromanipulators and microinjection needles, to ensure that the sperm is deposited in a location optimal for triggering oocyte activation and subsequent embryonic development.